热备份加nat转换及端口跟踪
实验环境:一台防火墙,两台pc机,两台路由器,两台交换机(连接外网的可以使防火墙可以使路由器)
配置防火墙: [r1]fire packet default permit [r1]firewall zone trust [r1-zone-trust]add inter e0/0 [r1-zone-trust]add inter e0/1 [r1-zone-trust]add inter e0/2 [r1-zone-trust]inter eth0/0 [r1-Ethernet0/0]ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0 [r1-Ethernet0/0]inter eth0/1 [r1-Ethernet0/1]ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0 [r1-zone-trust]inter eth0/2 [r1-Ethernet0/2]ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 [r1-Ethernet0/2]loopback 配置r2: [r2-Ethernet0]inter e1 [r2-Ethernet1]ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0 [r2-Ethernet0]inter e0.10 [r2-Ethernet0.10]vlan-type dot1q vid 10 [r2-Ethernet0.10]ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 [r2-Ethernet0.10]inter e0.20 [r2-Ethernet0.20]vlan-type dot1q vid 20 [r2-Ethernet0.20]ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 配置静态路由: [r2]ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.4.1 R2做nat转换: [r2]acl 2000 [r2-acl-2000]rule permit source any [r2]inter e1 [r2-Ethernet1]nat outbound 2000 interface 配置r3: [r3]ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.5.1 [r3]inter e0 [r3-Ethernet0]ip address 192.168.5.2 255.255.255.0 [r3-Ethernet0] %01:20:09: Line protocol ip on the interface Ethernet0 is UP [r3-Ethernet0]undo shut [r3]inter eth1.10 [r3-Ethernet1.10]vlan-type do1q vid 10 Incorrect command [r3-Ethernet1.10]vlan-type dot1q vid 10 [r3-Ethernet1.10]ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 [r3-Ethernet1.10]inter eth0.20 [r3-Ethernet1.20]vlan-type dot1q vid 20 [r3-Ethernet1.20]ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 Nat转换: [r3]acl 2000 [r3-acl-2000]rule permit source any Rule has been added to normal packet-filtering rules [r3-acl-2000]inter e0 [r3-Ethernet0]nat outbound 2000 interface Sw1配置: [sw1]vlan 10 [sw1-vlan10]port e0/10 [sw1-vlan10]vlan 20 [sw1-vlan20]port e0/20 [sw1]inter e0/1 [sw1-Ethernet0/1]port link-type trunk [sw1-Ethernet0/1]port trunk permit vlan all Please wait........................................... Done. [sw1-Ethernet0/5]port link-type trunk [sw1-Ethernet0/5]port trunk permit vlan all Please wait........................................... Done. Sw2配置: [sw2]vlan 10 [sw2-vlan10]port e0/10 [sw2-vlan10]vlan 20 [sw2-vlan20]port e0/20 [sw2]inter e0/1 [sw2-Ethernet0/1]port link-type trunk [sw2-Ethernet0/1]port trunk permit vlan all Please wait........................................... Done. [sw2-Ethernet0/5]port link-type trunk [sw2-Ethernet0/5]port trunk permit vlan all Please wait........................................... Done. 用pc机(vlan10—192.168.10.100)测试: C:\Users\Administrator>ping 192.168.10.1 正在 Ping 192.168.10.1 具有 32 字节的数据: 来自 192.168.10.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=255 来自 192.168.10.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=255 来自 192.168.10.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=255 来自 192.168.10.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=255 192.168.10.1 的 Ping 统计信息: 数据包: 已发送 = 4,已接收 = 4,丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失), 往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位): 最短 = 0ms,最长 = 0ms,平均 = 0ms C:\Users\Administrator>ping 192.168.3.1 正在 Ping 192.168.3.1 具有 32 字节的数据: 来自 192.168.3.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间=2ms TTL=254 来自 192.168.3.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间=2ms TTL=254 来自 192.168.3.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间=2ms TTL=254 来自 192.168.3.1 的回复: 字节=32 时间=3ms TTL=254 192.168.3.1 的 Ping 统计信息: 数据包: 已发送 = 4,已接收 = 4,丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失), 往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位): 最短 = 2ms,最长 = 3ms,平均 = 2ms 说明nat转换成功 测试: C:\Documents and Settings\杨震宇>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 4ms, Average = 2ms 测试成功,说明nat转换成功。 在 进入r2: [r2]inter eth0.10 [r2-Ethernet0.10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254 (做虚拟路由) [r2-Ethernet0.10]inter eth0.20 [r2-Ethernet0.20]vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254 (做虚拟路由) [r2-Ethernet0.20]inter eth0.10 [r2-Ethernet0.10]vrrp vrid 10 priority 120 (设置优先级为120) [r2-Ethernet0.10]vrrp vrid 10 preempt (设置抢占) [r2-Ethernet0.10]vrrp vrid 10 track eth0.10 reduced 30 (设置为一旦被抢占优先级自动减30) [r2-Ethernet0.10]inter e0.20 [r2-Ethernet0.20]vrrp vrid 20 preempt(设置抢占 进入r3: [r3]inter e1.10 [r3-Ethernet1.10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual 192.168.10.254(做虚拟路由) [r3-Ethernet1.10]inter e0 %02:29:07: Interface Ethernet1 is DOWN.20 [r3-Ethernet1.20]inter e0.20 [r3-Ethernet1.20] %02:29:12: Interface Ethernet1 is UP [r3-Ethernet1.20]vrrp vrid 20 priority 120 (设置优先级为120) [r3-Ethernet1.20]vrrp vrid 20 virtual 192.168.20.254(做虚拟路由) [r3-Ethernet1.20]vrrp vrid 20 preempt(设置抢占) [r3-Ethernet1.20]vrrp vrid 20 track e1.20 reduced 30(设置为一旦被抢占优先级自动减30) [r3-Ethernet1.20]inter e1.10 [r3-Ethernet1.10]vrrp vrid 10 preempt(设置抢占 R3上显示vrrp: [r3]dis vrrp Ethernet1.20 | Virtual Router 20 state : Master Virtual IP : 192.168.20.254 Priority : 120 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 Timer : 1 Auth Type : NO Track IF : Ethernet1.20 Priority reduced : 30 Ethernet1.10 | Virtual Router 10 state : Backup Virtual IP : 192.168.10.254 Priority : 100 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 Timer : 1 Auth Type : NO R2上显示vrrp: [r2]dis vrrp Ethernet0.10 | Virtual Router 10 state : Master Virtual IP : 192.168.10.254 Priority : 120 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 Timer : 1 Auth Type : NO Track IF : Ethernet0.10 Priority reduced : 10 Ethernet0.20 | Virtual Router 20 state : Backup Virtual IP : 192.168.20.254 Priority : 100 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 Timer : 1 Auth Type : NO Vlan10(192.168.10.100)访问192.168.20.100 C:\Users\Administrator>tracert 192.168.20.100 通过最多 30 个跃点跟踪 到 杨震宇 [192.168.20.100] 的路由: 1 1 ms 1 ms <1 毫秒 192.168.10.1 2 <1 毫秒 <1 毫秒 <1 毫秒 杨震宇 [192.168.20.100] 跟踪完成。 关闭r2上e1接口继续测试: 10.100ping20.100: C:\Users\Administrator>tracert 192.168.20.100 通过最多 30 个跃点跟踪 到 杨震宇 [192.168.20.100] 的路由: 1 <1 毫秒 <1 毫秒 <1 毫秒 192.168.10.2 2 <1 毫秒 <1 毫秒 <1 毫秒 杨震宇 [192.168.20.100] 跟踪完成。 用vlan20 192.168.20.100ping192.168.10.100 C:\Documents and Settings\杨震宇>tracert 192.168.10.100 Tracing route to 192.168.10.100 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 2 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.20.2 2 1 ms <1 ms 1 ms 192.168.10.100 Trace complete. 把r3的e1口关闭: 用vlan20 192.168.20.100ping192.168.10.100 C:\Documents and Settings\杨震宇>tracert 192.168.10.100 Tracing route to 192.168.10.100 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.20.1 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.10.100 Trace complete. 在测试r3vrrp: [r3-Ethernet1]dis vrrp Ethernet1.20 | Virtual Router 20 state : Initialize (因为是关闭e1所以这样显示) Virtual IP : 192.168.20.254 Priority : 90 (优先级减少30) Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 Timer : 1 Auth Type : NO Track IF : Ethernet1.20 Priority reduced : 30 Ethernet1.10 | Virtual Router 10 state : Initialize Virtual IP : 192.168.10.254 Priority : 100 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 Timer : 1 Auth Type : NO