keepalived+nginx+apache主备及双活搭建测试

keepalived+nginx高可用有主备和双活两种方式。主备方式下对外提供一个vip,同时只有一台服务器工作,另一台作备机;双活方式下对外提供两个vip,两台机器互为备份,下面详细说明搭建测试步骤:

** 配置:**

主机	ip	操作系统	软件	vip
nginx01	192.168.2.185	Centos7	nginx 端口82 
keepalived	192.168.2.189
nginx02	192.168.2.186	Centos7	nginx 端口82
keepalived	192.168.2.189
web01	192.168.2.187	Centos7	apache 端口80	/
web02	192.168.2.188	Centos7	apache 端口80	/

1.nginx01安装nginx
[root@nginx01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
[root@nginx01 ~]# yum -y install gcc-c++
[root@nginx01 ~]#  yum  -y install  pcre pcre-devel
[root@nginx01 ~]# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
[root@nginx01 ~]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
下载https://nginx.org/en/download.html

https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

[root@nginx01 ~]# mkdir software
[root@nginx01 ~]# cd software/
[root@nginx01 software]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

[root@nginx01 software]# ls -ltr
total 960
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 981687 Oct 17 21:20 nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@nginx01 software]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@nginx01 software]# chown -R root.root nginx-1.12.2
[root@nginx01 software]# groupadd nginx
[root@nginx01 software]# useradd -g nginx -d /home/nginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@nginx01 software]# id nginx
uid=1000(nginx) gid=1000(nginx) groups=1000(nginx)
[root@nginx01 software]# grep nginx /etc/passwd
nginx:x:1000:1000::/home/nginx:/sbin/nologin
[root@nginx01 software]#
[root@nginx01 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module | tee -a configure_nginx_20180417.log
.......
.......
.......
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + using system OpenSSL library
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
[root@nginx01 nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install | tee -a make_make_install_nginx_20180417.log
.........
.........
.........
objs/ngx_modules.o \
-ldl -lpthread -lcrypt -lpcre -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -lz \
-Wl,-E
sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" \
        -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \
        -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \
        -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" \
        < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/software/nginx-1.12.2'
make -f objs/Makefile install
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/software/nginx-1.12.2'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin'
test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
        || mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
                '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'
cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/conf' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-win '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/win-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types' \
        || cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \
        || cp conf/fastcgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \
        || cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \
        || cp conf/uwsgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/uwsgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \
        || cp conf/scgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/scgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \
        || cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'
cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \
        || cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/software/nginx-1.12.2'
[root@nginx01 nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@nginx01 sbin]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
[root@nginx01 sbin]#

查看加载模块

[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
[root@nginx01 sbin]#

Nginx相关启动任务

[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
root      5241     1  0 00:35 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx     5242  5241  0 00:35 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5244  2517  1 00:35 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s stop
[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
root      5247  2517  0 00:35 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s quit
nginx: [error] open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s quit
[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
root      5254  2517  0 00:36 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s reload
[root@nginx01 sbin]#
[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
root      5257     1  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx     5260  5257  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5262  2517  0 00:36 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx01 sbin]#
nginx -s quit:此方式停止步骤是待nginx进程处理任务完毕进行停止。
nginx -s stop:此方式相当于先查出nginx进程id再使用kill命令强制杀掉进程。
nginx -s reload:动态加载,当配置文件nginx.conf有变化时执行该命令动态加载。

Nginx开机自启动

[root@nginx01 sbin]# cd /etc/rc.d
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ls -ltr
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 473 Nov  7  2016 rc.local
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  70 Mar 12 18:54 init.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc6.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc5.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc4.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc3.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc2.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc1.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc0.d
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cat rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" > rc.local
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# chmod u+x rc.local
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# view rc.local
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cat rc.local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ls -ltr rc.local
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 28 Apr 18 00:39 rc.local
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      5257     1  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx     5260  5257  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5271  2517  0 00:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -s quit
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      5274  2517  0 00:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ./rc.local
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      5277     1  0 00:39 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     5278  5277  0 00:39 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5280  2517  0 00:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]#

至此nginx安装成功,nginx02也按nginx01的上面的操作执行一遍

2.配置nginx

[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.2018

[root@nginx01 rc.d]# grep -v '#' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.2018
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# diff /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.2018
34,37d33
<     upstream webser{
<              server 192.168.2.187:80;
<            server 192.168.2.188:80;
<             }
48,50c44,45
<             proxy_pass http://webser;
<             #root   html;
<             #index  index.html index.htm;
---
>             root   html;
>             index  index.html index.htm;
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    upstream webser{
             server 192.168.2.187:80;
             server 192.168.2.188:80;
            }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://webser;
            #root   html;
            #index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}
[root@nginx01 rc.d]#

[root@nginx01 rc.d]# grep -v '#'  /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream webser{
             server 192.168.2.187:80;
             server 192.168.2.188:80;
            }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://webser;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

}
重启nginx生效
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -s reload
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -s quit
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      5299  2517  0 00:52 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      5302     1  0 00:52 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx     5303  5302  0 00:52 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5305  2517  0 00:52 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx01 rc.d]#

nginx01  nginx配置完成

nginx02 也按照上面一样的配置
[root@nginx02 rc.d]# cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.20180417
[root@nginx01 rc.d]# scp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 192.168.2.186:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
The authenticity of host '192.168.2.186 (192.168.2.186)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is eb:04:83:e8:3d:6e:e6:95:f0:c6:9c:6c:ba:78:34:66.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.2.186' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.2.186's password:
nginx.conf                                    100% 2800     2.7KB/s   00:00
[root@nginx01 rc.d]#
[root@nginx02 rc.d]# grep -v '#' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream webser{
             server 192.168.2.187:80;
             server 192.168.2.188:80;
            }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://webser;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
[root@nginx02 rc.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx02 rc.d]# nginx
[root@nginx02 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
root      5306     1  0 00:57 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx     5307  5306  0 00:57 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5309  2524  0 00:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@nginx02 rc.d]#

至此2台nginx配置成功

3.keepalived 的安装

[root@nginx01 softare]# pwd
/root/softare
[root@nginx01 software]# yum -y install keepalived | tee -a install_keepalived_20180417.log
[root@nginx02 softare]# yum -y install keepalived | tee -a install_keepalived_20180417.log

Keepalived 配置
查看keepalived 安装了那些文件
[root@nginx01 softare]# rpm -qa keepalived
keepalived-1.3.5-1.el7.x86_64
[root@nginx02 softare]# rpm -ql keepalived
/etc/keepalived
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
/usr/bin/genhash
/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
/usr/libexec/keepalived
/usr/sbin/keepalived
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/AUTHOR
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/CONTRIBUTORS
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/NOTE_vrrp_vmac.txt
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/README
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/TODO
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived.conf.SYNOPSIS
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.HTTP_GET.port
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.IPv6
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.SMTP_CHECK
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.SSL_GET
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.fwmark
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.inhibit
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check_arg
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.quorum
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.sample
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.status_code
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.track_interface
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.virtual_server_group
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.virtualhost
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.localcheck
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.lvs_syncd
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.routes
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.rules
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.scripts
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.static_ipaddress
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.sync
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/sample.misccheck.smbcheck.sh
/usr/share/man/man1/genhash.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/keepalived.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/keepalived.8.gz
/usr/share/snmp/mibs/KEEPALIVED-MIB.txt
/usr/share/snmp/mibs/VRRP-MIB.txt
/usr/share/snmp/mibs/VRRPv3-MIB.txt
[root@nginx02 softare]#

[root@nginx01 software]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf                      ! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   #smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL1
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_strict
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 20
  fall 1
  rise 10
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.189
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}
[root@nginx01 software]#

[root@nginx01 software]# vi /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
[root@nginx01 software]# chmod u+x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
[root@nginx01 software]# cat /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
      /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
      if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
      pkill keep
      fi
fi
[root@nginx01 software]#
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl enable  keepalived
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.
[root@nginx01 ~]#

nginx01上的keepalived 配置完成

配置nginx02上的keepalived
[root@nginx02 softare]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   #smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL2
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_strict
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 20
  fall 2
  rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.189
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}

该脚本用户检测nginx进程是否存在,若不存在则重启,若重启失败则直接杀掉keepalived进程,触发切换。(若没有pkill命令请先安装)

[root@nginx02 softare]# vi "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
[root@nginx02 softare]# cat "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
      /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
      if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
      pkill keep
      fi
fi
[root@nginx02 ~]# chmod u+x "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
[root@nginx02 softare]#
[root@nginx02 ~]#  systemctl start keepalived
[root@nginx02 ~]# systemctl enable  keepalived
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.

Nginx02上的keepalived配置完成

Apache安装
在web01和web02上分别安装apache
[root@web01 software]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel | tee -a yum_install_apache_20180417.log
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
---> Package httpd-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl >= 5.004 for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: apr-util-devel for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: apr-devel for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/perl for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1 will be installed
---> Package apr-devel.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1 will be installed
---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package apr-util-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: openldap-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libdb-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: expat-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be installed
---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs = 4:5.16.3-292.el7 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package expat-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: expat = 2.1.0-10.el7_3 for package: expat-devel-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64
---> Package libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libdb(x86-64) = 5.3.21-21.el7_4 for package: libdb-devel-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64
---> Package openldap-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: openldap(x86-64) = 2.4.44-5.el7 for package: openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: cyrus-sasl-devel(x86-64) for package: openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64
---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::ParseWords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: cyrus-sasl-lib(x86-64) = 2.1.26-21.el7 for package: cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: cyrus-sasl(x86-64) = 2.1.26-21.el7 for package: cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64
---> Package expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-8.el7 will be updated
---> Package expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3 will be an update
---> Package libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-19.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libdb(x86-64) = 5.3.21-19.el7 for package: libdb-utils-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64
---> Package libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4 will be an update
---> Package openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.40-13.el7 will be updated
---> Package openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7 will be an update
---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-292.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cyrus-sasl.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7 will be installed
---> Package cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-20.el7_2 will be updated
---> Package cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7 will be an update
---> Package libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-19.el7 will be updated
---> Package libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4 will be an update
---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package                   Arch      Version                   Repository  Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 httpd                     x86_64    2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6     updates    2.7 M
 httpd-devel               x86_64    2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6     updates    194 k
Installing for dependencies:
 apr                       x86_64    1.4.8-3.el7_4.1           updates    103 k
 apr-devel                 x86_64    1.4.8-3.el7_4.1           updates    188 k
 apr-util                  x86_64    1.5.2-6.el7               base        92 k
 apr-util-devel            x86_64    1.5.2-6.el7               base        76 k
 cyrus-sasl                x86_64    2.1.26-21.el7             base        88 k
 cyrus-sasl-devel          x86_64    2.1.26-21.el7             base       310 k
 expat-devel               x86_64    2.1.0-10.el7_3            base        57 k
 httpd-tools               x86_64    2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6     updates     88 k
 libdb-devel               x86_64    5.3.21-21.el7_4           updates     38 k
 mailcap                   noarch    2.1.41-2.el7              base        31 k
 openldap-devel            x86_64    2.4.44-5.el7              base       801 k
 perl                      x86_64    4:5.16.3-292.el7          base       8.0 M
 perl-Carp                 noarch    1.26-244.el7              base        19 k
 perl-Encode               x86_64    2.51-7.el7                base       1.5 M
 perl-Exporter             noarch    5.68-3.el7                base        28 k
 perl-File-Path            noarch    2.09-2.el7                base        26 k
 perl-File-Temp            noarch    0.23.01-3.el7             base        56 k
 perl-Filter               x86_64    1.49-3.el7                base        76 k
 perl-Getopt-Long          noarch    2.40-2.el7                base        56 k
 perl-HTTP-Tiny            noarch    0.033-3.el7               base        38 k
 perl-PathTools            x86_64    3.40-5.el7                base        82 k
 perl-Pod-Escapes          noarch    1:1.04-292.el7            base        51 k
 perl-Pod-Perldoc          noarch    3.20-4.el7                base        87 k
 perl-Pod-Simple           noarch    1:3.28-4.el7              base       216 k
 perl-Pod-Usage            noarch    1.63-3.el7                base        27 k
 perl-Scalar-List-Utils    x86_64    1.27-248.el7              base        36 k
 perl-Socket               x86_64    2.010-4.el7               base        49 k
 perl-Storable             x86_64    2.45-3.el7                base        77 k
 perl-Text-ParseWords      noarch    3.29-4.el7                base        14 k
 perl-Time-HiRes           x86_64    4:1.9725-3.el7            base        45 k
 perl-Time-Local           noarch    1.2300-2.el7              base        24 k
 perl-constant             noarch    1.27-2.el7                base        19 k
 perl-libs                 x86_64    4:5.16.3-292.el7          base       688 k
 perl-macros               x86_64    4:5.16.3-292.el7          base        43 k
 perl-parent               noarch    1:0.225-244.el7           base        12 k
 perl-podlators            noarch    2.5.1-3.el7               base       112 k
 perl-threads              x86_64    1.87-4.el7                base        49 k
 perl-threads-shared       x86_64    1.43-6.el7                base        39 k
Updating for dependencies:
 cyrus-sasl-lib            x86_64    2.1.26-21.el7             base       155 k
 expat                     x86_64    2.1.0-10.el7_3            base        81 k
 libdb                     x86_64    5.3.21-21.el7_4           updates    719 k
 libdb-utils               x86_64    5.3.21-21.el7_4           updates    132 k
 openldap                  x86_64    2.4.44-5.el7              base       354 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  2 Packages (+38 Dependent packages)
Upgrade             (  5 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 17 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              667 kB/s |  17 MB  00:26
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Updating   : libdb-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                                1/50
  Updating   : expat-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                                 2/50
  Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                                  3/50
  Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                 4/50
  Updating   : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                         5/50
  Updating   : openldap-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                                6/50
  Installing : apr-devel-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                            7/50
  Installing : cyrus-sasl-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                             8/50
  Installing : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                       9/50
  Installing : openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                         10/50
  Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   11/50
  Installing : expat-devel-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                          12/50
  Installing : libdb-devel-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         13/50
  Installing : apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                          14/50
  Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch                         15/50
  Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch                          16/50
  Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch                          17/50
  Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch                         18/50
  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-292.el7.noarch                     19/50
  Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch                     20/50
  Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64                              21/50
  Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch                           22/50
  Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                        23/50
  Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                          24/50
  Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64                            25/50
  Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch                            26/50
  Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch                            27/50
  Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch                        28/50
  Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64                             29/50
  Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch                              30/50
  Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64                      31/50
  Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64                           32/50
  Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64                 33/50
  Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch                        34/50
  Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch                           35/50
  Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64                      36/50
  Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64                             37/50
  Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64                              38/50
  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch                        39/50
  Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch                         40/50
  Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                               41/50
  Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                42/50
  Installing : httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                         43/50
  Installing : httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   44/50
  Updating   : libdb-utils-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         45/50
  Cleanup    : libdb-utils-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                           46/50
  Cleanup    : openldap-2.4.40-13.el7.x86_64                              47/50
  Cleanup    : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-20.el7_2.x86_64                      48/50
  Cleanup    : libdb-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                                 49/50
  Cleanup    : expat-2.1.0-8.el7.x86_64                                   50/50
  Verifying  : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch                           1/50
  Verifying  : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                 2/50
  Verifying  : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64                       3/50
  Verifying  : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64                             4/50
  Verifying  : apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                                  5/50
  Verifying  : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch                             6/50
  Verifying  : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch                             7/50
  Verifying  : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64                            8/50
  Verifying  : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                         9/50
  Verifying  : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch                        10/50
  Verifying  : httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   11/50
  Verifying  : expat-devel-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                          12/50
  Verifying  : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch                         13/50
  Verifying  : 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                               14/50
  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                        15/50
  Verifying  : httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   16/50
  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                      17/50
  Verifying  : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch                        18/50
  Verifying  : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch                        19/50
  Verifying  : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                          20/50
  Verifying  : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch                         21/50
  Verifying  : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64                             22/50
  Verifying  : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch                              23/50
  Verifying  : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch                          24/50
  Verifying  : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                25/50
  Verifying  : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64                      26/50
  Verifying  : openldap-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                               27/50
  Verifying  : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64                 28/50
  Verifying  : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-292.el7.noarch                     29/50
  Verifying  : libdb-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                               30/50
  Verifying  : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch                           31/50
  Verifying  : libdb-devel-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         32/50
  Verifying  : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64                              33/50
  Verifying  : libdb-utils-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         34/50
  Verifying  : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch                         35/50
  Verifying  : apr-devel-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                           36/50
  Verifying  : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch                           37/50
  Verifying  : apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                          38/50
  Verifying  : httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                         39/50
  Verifying  : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64                             40/50
  Verifying  : expat-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                                41/50
  Verifying  : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64                              42/50
  Verifying  : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch                     43/50
  Verifying  : openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                         44/50
  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                            45/50
  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-20.el7_2.x86_64                      46/50
  Verifying  : libdb-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                                 47/50
  Verifying  : expat-2.1.0-8.el7.x86_64                                   48/50
  Verifying  : libdb-utils-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                           49/50
  Verifying  : openldap-2.4.40-13.el7.x86_64                              50/50

Installed:
  httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6
  httpd-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6

Dependency Installed:
  apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1
  apr-devel.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1
  apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7
  apr-util-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7
  cyrus-sasl.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7
  cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7
  expat-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3
  httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6
  libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4
  mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7
  openldap-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7
  perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7
  perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7
  perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7
  perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7
  perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7
  perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7
  perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7
  perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-2.el7
  perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7
  perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7
  perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-292.el7
  perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7
  perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7
  perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7
  perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7
  perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7
  perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7
  perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7
  perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7
  perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7
  perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7
  perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7
  perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7
  perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7
  perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7
  perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7
  perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7

Dependency Updated:
  cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7   expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3
  libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4          libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4
  openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7

Complete!
[root@web01 software]#

[root@web02 software]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel | tee -a yum_install_apache_20180417.log

[root@web01 software]# systemctl start httpd
[root@web01 software]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@web01 software]# echo web01-192.168.2.187 > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@web01 software]#

[root@web02 software]# systemctl start httpd
[root@web02 software]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@web02 software]#  echo web02-192.168.2.188 > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@web02 software]#

关闭所有服务器的防火墙和selinux

[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.
[root@nginx01 ~]# firewall-cmd --state
not running
[root@nginx01 ~]# sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   enforcing
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      28
[root@nginx01 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@nginx01 ~]# sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   permissive
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      28
[root@nginx01 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
[root@nginx01 ~]# grep -v '#' /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@nginx01 ~]#

重启所有服务

[root@nginx01 ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
[root@nginx02 ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@nginx02 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
[root@nginx02 ~]#
[root@web01 software]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@web01 software]#
[root@web02 software]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@web02 software]#

高可用测试

[root@nginx01 ~]# ip ad
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:6f:aa:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::6ceb:c635:2a8e:56b1/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::acee:8487:9f9d:5909/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::1766:5ed5:664c:7324/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@nginx01 ~]#

无法通过访问192.168.2.189

修改keepalived 配置
[root@nginx01 ~]# cat  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   #smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id proxy1
   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   #vrrp_strict
   #vrrp_garp_interval 0
   #vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 20
  fall 1
  rise 10
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.189
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}
[root@nginx01 ~]#

[root@nginx02 ~]# cat  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   #smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id proxy2
   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   #vrrp_strict
   #vrrp_garp_interval 0
   #vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 20
  fall 2
  rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.189
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}
[root@nginx02 ~]#

重启上面2个keepalived.

继续测试

1.先确保web01和web02可以直接访问
Web01:
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/23/0f18667d461dd918adcc7697d846b0c2.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)


Web02:
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/23/9be3721d1c53559cc4a0e87455030c6d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)


查看nginx01和nginx02 IP
[root@nginx01 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33

[root@nginx02 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
[root@nginx02 ~]#

可见当前是nginx01提供keepalived 服务

访问vritual IP 192.168.2.189
可见keepalived 是基于nginx已IP轮询方式提供服务

![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/8b3de4baae37910a8cbf503ce2926f71.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/1d103fb7da2c969a25bd58e2fd7763d4.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

停掉nginx01上的keepalived 相当于nginx01宕机
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived
[root@nginx01 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
[root@nginx01 ~]#

[root@nginx02 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33

此时nginx02上的keepalived从backup提升为master
刷新访问virtual IP 192.168.2.189 ,keepalived 会以nginx 轮询方式接受访问web服务器。

![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/83fe30f8b9cdc5d7cf5d9ada4981844d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)


![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/90e00cd64619a9c3aefe19cff9c17111.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

测试通过。

双活架构模式:

配置 主机 ip 操作系统 软件 vip

nginx01	192.168.2.185	Centos7	nginx 端口82 
keepalived	192.168.2.189
nginx02	192.168.2.186	Centos7	nginx 端口82
keepalived	192.168.2.190
web01	192.168.2.187	Centos7	apache 端口80	/
web02	192.168.2.188	Centos7	apache 端口80	/

Nginx01配置:
[root@nginx01 ~]# cp -p /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepal    ived/keepalived.conf.bk.20140418_master_backup_mode

[root@nginx01 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   #smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id proxy1
   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   #vrrp_strict
   #vrrp_garp_interval 0
   #vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 20
  fall 1
  rise 10
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.189
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 52
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.190
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
[root@nginx01 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33

Nginx02的配置
[root@nginx02 ~]#  cp -p /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bk.20140418_master_backup_mode

[root@nginx02 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   #smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id proxy2
   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   #vrrp_strict
   #vrrp_garp_interval 0
   #vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 20
  fall 2
  rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.189
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 52
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.190
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
}
[root@nginx02 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
    inet 192.168.2.190/32 scope global ens33

页面访问测试

VIP 1 192.168.2.189
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/96fe794ef04c0967eaf59253ec704d77.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

可知其以轮询方式去访问

VIP192.168.2.190
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/bc389d5fef3a689a8f591ea54a6df723.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

高可用测试

Stop nginx上的 keepalived 模拟宕机
[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived
[root@nginx01 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
[root@nginx01 ~]#


[root@nginx02 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168
    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33
    inet 192.168.2.190/32 scope global ens33
    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33
[root@nginx02 ~]#

页面访问:

VIP 1 192.168.2.189

VIP 1 192.168.2.190

发现vip1和vip2访问web服务正常

现vip1漂移至vip2,nginx02接管nginx01的vip1,此时nginx02单独对外提供服务。

  总结:
  1.主备模式对外只提供一个vip,访问便捷,但同时只有一台服务器对外提供服务;

  2.双活模式对外提供两个vip,访问比较麻烦,但同时又两台服务器对外提供服务;

  3.不管主备模式还是双活模式都能高可用运行。