新建工程的操作在之前的点灯文章里面 这次只要是重写v文件和io分配即可
v文件参考黑金的，只要改动uart_test文件中的
parameter CLK_FRE = 100;//Mhz
就好，改多少，看自己板子上面的频率。
顶层模块，uart_test.v
module uart_test
(
input sys_clk, //system clock 50Mhz on board，100MHZ
input rst_n, //reset ,low active
input uart_rx, //fpga receive data
output uart_tx //fpga send data
);
parameter CLK_FRE = 100;//Mhz
localparam IDLE = 0;
localparam SEND = 1; //send HELLO ALINX\r\n
localparam WAIT = 2; //wait 1 second and send uart received data
reg[7:0] tx_data;
reg[7:0] tx_str;
reg tx_data_valid;
wire tx_data_ready;
reg[7:0] tx_cnt;
wire[7:0] rx_data;
wire rx_data_valid;
wire rx_data_ready;
reg[31:0] wait_cnt;
reg[3:0] state;
assign rx_data_ready = 1'b1;//always can receive data,
//if HELLO ALINX\r\n is being sent, the received data is discarded
/*************************************************************************
1 second sends a packet HELLO ALINX\r\n , FPGA has been receiving state
****************************************************************************/
always@(posedge sys_clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
begin
wait_cnt <= 32'd0;
tx_data <= 8'd0;
state <= IDLE;
tx_cnt <= 8'd0;
tx_data_valid <= 1'b0;
end
else
case(state)
IDLE:
state <= SEND;
SEND:
begin
wait_cnt <= 32'd0;
tx_data <= tx_str;
if(tx_data_valid == 1'b1 && tx_data_ready == 1'b1 && tx_cnt < 8'd12)//Send 12 bytes data
begin
tx_cnt <= tx_cnt + 8'd1; //Send data counter
end
else if(tx_data_valid && tx_data_ready)//last byte sent is complete
begin
tx_cnt <= 8'd0;
tx_data_valid <= 1'b0;
state <= WAIT;
end
else if(~tx_data_valid)
begin
tx_data_valid <= 1'b1;
end
end
WAIT:
begin
wait_cnt <= wait_cnt + 32'd1;
if(rx_data_valid == 1'b1)
begin
tx_data_valid <= 1'b1;
tx_data <= rx_data; // send uart received data
end
else if(tx_data_valid && tx_data_ready)
begin
tx_data_valid <= 1'b0;
end
else if(wait_cnt >= CLK_FRE * 1000000) // wait for 1 second
state <= SEND;
end
default:
state <= IDLE;
endcase
end
/*************************************************************************
combinational logic Send "HELLO ALINX\r\n"
****************************************************************************/
always@(*)
begin
case(tx_cnt)
8'd0 : tx_str <= "H";
8'd1 : tx_str <= "E";
8'd2 : tx_str <= "L";
8'd3 : tx_str <= "L";
8'd4 : tx_str <= "O";
8'd5 : tx_str <= " ";
8'd6 : tx_str <= "A";
8'd7 : tx_str <= "L";
8'd8 : tx_str <= "I";
8'd9 : tx_str <= "N";
8'd10: tx_str <= "X";
8'd11: tx_str <= "\r";
8'd12: tx_str <= "\n";
default:tx_str <= 8'd0;
endcase
end
/***************************************************************************
calling uart_tx module and uart_rx module
****************************************************************************/
uart_rx#
(
.CLK_FRE(CLK_FRE),
.BAUD_RATE(115200)
) uart_rx_inst
(
.clk (sys_clk ),
.rst_n (rst_n ),
.rx_data (rx_data ),
.rx_data_valid (rx_data_valid ),
.rx_data_ready (rx_data_ready ),
.rx_pin (uart_rx )
);
uart_tx#
(
.CLK_FRE(CLK_FRE),
.BAUD_RATE(115200)
) uart_tx_inst
(
.clk (sys_clk ),
.rst_n (rst_n ),
.tx_data (tx_data ),
.tx_data_valid (tx_data_valid ),
.tx_data_ready (tx_data_ready ),
.tx_pin (uart_tx )
);
endmoduleuart_rx.v，这边的parameter CLK_FRE 最好也改，不过没改也没事，大约是被顶层文件覆盖了
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module uart_rx
#(
parameter CLK_FRE = 50, //clock frequency(Mhz)
parameter BAUD_RATE = 115200 //serial baud rate
)
(
input clk, //clock input
input rst_n, //asynchronous reset input, low active
output reg[7:0] rx_data, //received serial data
output reg rx_data_valid, //received serial data is valid
input rx_data_ready, //data receiver module ready
input rx_pin //serial data input
);
//calculates the clock cycle for baud rate
localparam CYCLE = CLK_FRE * 1000000 / BAUD_RATE;
//state machine code
localparam S_IDLE = 1;
localparam S_START = 2; //start bit
localparam S_REC_BYTE = 3; //data bits
localparam S_STOP = 4; //stop bit
localparam S_DATA = 5;
reg[2:0] state;
reg[2:0] next_state;
reg rx_d0; //delay 1 clock for rx_pin
reg rx_d1; //delay 1 clock for rx_d0
wire rx_negedge; //negedge of rx_pin
reg[7:0] rx_bits; //temporary storage of received data
reg[15:0] cycle_cnt; //baud counter
reg[2:0] bit_cnt; //bit counter
assign rx_negedge = rx_d1 && ~rx_d0;
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
begin
rx_d0 <= 1'b0;
rx_d1 <= 1'b0;
end
else
begin
rx_d0 <= rx_pin;
rx_d1 <= rx_d0;
end
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
state <= S_IDLE;
else
state <= next_state;
end
always@(*)
begin
case(state)
S_IDLE:
if(rx_negedge)
next_state <= S_START;
else
next_state <= S_IDLE;
S_START:
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1)//one data cycle
next_state <= S_REC_BYTE;
else
next_state <= S_START;
S_REC_BYTE:
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1 && bit_cnt == 3'd7) //receive 8bit data
next_state <= S_STOP;
else
next_state <= S_REC_BYTE;
S_STOP:
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE/2 - 1)//half bit cycle,to avoid missing the next byte receiver
next_state <= S_DATA;
else
next_state <= S_STOP;
S_DATA:
if(rx_data_ready) //data receive complete
next_state <= S_IDLE;
else
next_state <= S_DATA;
default:
next_state <= S_IDLE;
endcase
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
rx_data_valid <= 1'b0;
else if(state == S_STOP && next_state != state)
rx_data_valid <= 1'b1;
else if(state == S_DATA && rx_data_ready)
rx_data_valid <= 1'b0;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
rx_data <= 8'd0;
else if(state == S_STOP && next_state != state)
rx_data <= rx_bits;//latch received data
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
begin
bit_cnt <= 3'd0;
end
else if(state == S_REC_BYTE)
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1)
bit_cnt <= bit_cnt + 3'd1;
else
bit_cnt <= bit_cnt;
else
bit_cnt <= 3'd0;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
cycle_cnt <= 16'd0;
else if((state == S_REC_BYTE && cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1) || next_state != state)
cycle_cnt <= 16'd0;
else
cycle_cnt <= cycle_cnt + 16'd1;
end
//receive serial data bit data
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
rx_bits <= 8'd0;
else if(state == S_REC_BYTE && cycle_cnt == CYCLE/2 - 1)
rx_bits[bit_cnt] <= rx_pin;
else
rx_bits <= rx_bits;
end
endmoduleuart_tx.v。这边的parameter CLK_FRE 最好也改，不过没改也没事，大约是被顶层文件覆盖了
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
//
// Company:
// Engineer:
//
// Create Date: 2020/10/04 09:10:26
// Design Name:
// Module Name: uart_tx
// Project Name:
// Target Devices:
// Tool Versions:
// Description:
//
// Dependencies:
//
// Revision:
// Revision 0.01 - File Created
// Additional Comments:
//
//
module uart_tx
#(
parameter CLK_FRE = 50, //clock frequency(Mhz)
parameter BAUD_RATE = 115200 //serial baud rate
)
(
input clk, //clock input
input rst_n, //asynchronous reset input, low active
input[7:0] tx_data, //data to send
input tx_data_valid, //data to be sent is valid
output reg tx_data_ready, //send ready
output tx_pin //serial data output
);
//calculates the clock cycle for baud rate
localparam CYCLE = CLK_FRE * 1000000 / BAUD_RATE;
//state machine code
localparam S_IDLE = 1;
localparam S_START = 2;//start bit
localparam S_SEND_BYTE = 3;//data bits
localparam S_STOP = 4;//stop bit
reg[2:0] state;
reg[2:0] next_state;
reg[15:0] cycle_cnt; //baud counter
reg[2:0] bit_cnt;//bit counter
reg[7:0] tx_data_latch; //latch data to send
reg tx_reg; //serial data output
assign tx_pin = tx_reg;
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
state <= S_IDLE;
else
state <= next_state;
end
always@(*)
begin
case(state)
S_IDLE:
if(tx_data_valid == 1'b1)
next_state <= S_START;
else
next_state <= S_IDLE;
S_START:
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1)
next_state <= S_SEND_BYTE;
else
next_state <= S_START;
S_SEND_BYTE:
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1 && bit_cnt == 3'd7)
next_state <= S_STOP;
else
next_state <= S_SEND_BYTE;
S_STOP:
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1)
next_state <= S_IDLE;
else
next_state <= S_STOP;
default:
next_state <= S_IDLE;
endcase
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
begin
tx_data_ready <= 1'b0;
end
else if(state == S_IDLE)
if(tx_data_valid == 1'b1)
tx_data_ready <= 1'b0;
else
tx_data_ready <= 1'b1;
else if(state == S_STOP && cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1)
tx_data_ready <= 1'b1;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
begin
tx_data_latch <= 8'd0;
end
else if(state == S_IDLE && tx_data_valid == 1'b1)
tx_data_latch <= tx_data;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
begin
bit_cnt <= 3'd0;
end
else if(state == S_SEND_BYTE)
if(cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1)
bit_cnt <= bit_cnt + 3'd1;
else
bit_cnt <= bit_cnt;
else
bit_cnt <= 3'd0;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
cycle_cnt <= 16'd0;
else if((state == S_SEND_BYTE && cycle_cnt == CYCLE - 1) || next_state != state)
cycle_cnt <= 16'd0;
else
cycle_cnt <= cycle_cnt + 16'd1;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)
begin
if(rst_n == 1'b0)
tx_reg <= 1'b1;
else
case(state)
S_IDLE,S_STOP:
tx_reg <= 1'b1;
S_START:
tx_reg <= 1'b0;
S_SEND_BYTE:
tx_reg <= tx_data_latch[bit_cnt];
default:
tx_reg <= 1'b1;
endcase
end
endmodule时钟和复位管脚：
串口引脚：
IO分配如下：
记得是选3.3v的,而且要勾上fix，不然生成比特流会报错，具体原因未知下载比特流的时候会出现这个，其实没有影响。查了一下，大约是usb口复用为jtag的缘故
用串口助手看，效果正常（波特率是115200）
