blackbox_exporter：

Prometheus 官方提供的 exporter 之一，可以提供 http、dns、tcp、icmp 的监控数据采集
应用场景：

  • HTTP 测试
    定义 Request Header 信息
    判断 Http status / Http Respones Header / Http Body 内容

  • TCP 测试
    业务组件端口状态监听
    应用层协议定义与监听

  • ICMP 测试
    主机探活机制

  • POST 测试
    接口联通性

  • SSL 证书过期时间

    1、blackbox_exporter部署

    wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.16.0/blackbox_exporter-0.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /opt
mv /opt/blackbox_exporter-0.16.0.linux-amd64 /opt/blackbox_exporter
#启动
nohup ./blackbox_exporter &
#查看服务是否启动，默认端口9115
ss -tunlp|grep 9115

    2、配置prometheus

    （1）检测主机存活状态

  • job_name: node_status
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
    module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
    • targets: ['10.165.94.31']
      labels:
      instance: node_status
      group: 'node'
      relabel_configs:
    • source_labels: [address]
      target_label: __param_target
    • target_label: address
      replacement: 172.19.155.133:9115 
      
`10.165.94.31是被监控端ip，172.19.155.133是Blackbox_exporter`
#### （2）监控主机端口存活状态
```yml
  • job_name: 'prometheus_port_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
    module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
    • targets: ['172.19.155.133:8765']
      labels:
      instance: 'port_status'
      group: 'tcp'
      relabel_configs:
    • source_labels: [address]
      target_label: __param_target
    • source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    • target_label: address
      replacement: 172.19.155.133:9115 
      
#### （3）监控网站状态
```yml
  • job_name: web_status
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
    module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
    • targets: ['http://www.baidu.com']
      labels:
      instance: user_status
      group: 'web'
      relabel_configs:
    • source_labels: [address]
      target_label: __param_target
    • target_label: address
      replacement: 172.19.155.133:9115 
      重启prometheus
```bash
#检查语法
./promtool check config prometheus.yml
#平滑重启
curl -X POST http://localhost:9090/-/reload

      访问prometheus targets界面查看新添的Job，确认instance的UP状态

      3、添加Grafana dashboard

      导入黑盒监控模板，dashboard ID:9965
      image.png