♣
题目部分
在Oracle中，将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库的步骤有哪些？
♣
答案部分
将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库的过程基本上就是先将备份集恢复为单实例的数据库，然后再将数据库转换为RAC库。
数据库的备份可以使用如下的脚本：
1run
2{
3 allocate channel c1 type disk;
4 allocate channel c2 type disk;
5 backup database format '/home/oracle/rman_back/full_%n_%T_%t_%s_%p.bak';
6 sql 'alter system archive log current';
7 backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_back/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' delete input;
8 backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rman_back/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak';
9 release channel c1;
10 release channel c2;
11}
12将单实例备份集恢复为rac数据库常用的命令如下所示：
1ORACLE_SID=lhrdb
2ORACLE_SID=lhrrac21
3
4mkdir +DATA/lhrrac2/
5startup nomount
6restore spfile to '+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora' from '/home/oracle/rman_back/full_LHRDBxxx_20180711_981220001_4_1.bak';
7
8/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initlhrrac21.ora
9SPFILE='+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora'
10
11echo "SPFILE='+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora'" > /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initlhrrac22.ora
12
13
14create pfile='/tmp/a.txt' from spfile;
15*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/adump'
16*.audit_trail='db'
17*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
18*.control_files='+DATA','+FRA'
19*.db_block_size=8192
20*.db_domain=''
21*.db_name='lhrdb'
22*.db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA'
23*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4322230272
24*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
25*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lhrdbXDB)'
26*.memory_target=415236096
27*.open_cursors=300
28*.processes=150
29*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
30*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
31
32create spfile='+DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora' from pfile='/tmp/b.txt';
33
34startup nomount force;
35restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/rman_back/ctl_LHRDB_20180711_7_1.bak';
36alter database mount;
37
38set line 9999 pagesize 9999
39col FILE_NAME format a60
40select 'datafile' file_type, file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$datafile
41union all
42select 'tempfile',file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$tempfile
43union all
44select 'logfile',group# file#,member FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$logfile
45union all
46select 'controlfile', to_number('') ,name FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$controlfile;
47
48
49set pagesize 200 linesize 200
50select 'set newname for datafile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "' || || '";' from v$datafile a
51union all
52select 'set newname for tempfile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "' || || '";' from v$tempfile a
53union all
54SELECT 'SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''''' || a.MEMBER || ''''' to ''''' || a.MEMBER || ''''' ";' FROM v$logfile a;
55
56
57
58set pagesize 200 linesize 200
59select 'set newname for datafile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "+DATA";' from v$datafile a
60union all
61select 'set newname for tempfile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "+DATA";' from v$tempfile a
62union all
63SELECT 'SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''''' || a.MEMBER || ''''' to ''''+DATA'''' ";' FROM v$logfile a;
64
65
66set newname for datafile 1 to "+DATA";
67set newname for datafile 2 to "+DATA";
68set newname for datafile 3 to "+DATA";
69set newname for datafile 4 to "+DATA";
70set newname for datafile 5 to "+DATA";
71set newname for tempfile 1 to "+DATA";
72SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03.log'' to ''+DATA'' ";
73SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02.log'' to ''+DATA'' ";
74SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01.log'' to ''+DATA'' ";
75
76
77
78run {
79 ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
80 set newname for datafile 1 to "+DATA";
81 set newname for datafile 2 to "+DATA";
82 set newname for datafile 3 to "+DATA";
83 set newname for datafile 4 to "+DATA";
84 set newname for datafile 5 to "+DATA";
85 set newname for tempfile 1 to "+DATA";
86 SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03.log'' to ''+DATA'' ";
87 SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02.log'' to ''+DATA'' ";
88 SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01.log'' to ''+DATA'' ";
89 restore database;
90 SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;
91 SWITCH TEMPFILE ALL;
92 release channel c1;
93 }
94
95list backupset of archivelog all;
96RUN{
97set until sequence 6;
98recover database;
99}
100
101alter database open resetlogs;
102以上步骤执行完后依然是一个单实例的数据库，因此需要将数据库转换为RAC库。需要修改集群参数，redo和undo的相关内容：
1select * from v$option where parameter = 'Real Application Clusters'; 2 3--集群参数 4alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile; 5alter system set cluster_database_instances=2 scope=spfile; 6 7alter system set instance_number=1 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac21'; 8alter system set instance_number=2 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac22'; 9 10--redo 11select THREAD# ,STATUS from v$thread; 12alter system set thread=1 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac21'; 13alter system set thread=2 scope=spfile sid='lhrrac22'; 14alter database add logfile thread 2 group 4 '+FRA' size 50M; 15alter database add logfile thread 2 group 5 '+FRA' size 50M; 16alter database add logfile thread 2 group 6 '+FRA' size 50M; 17 18col instance format a20 19select thread#,instance,status,enabled from v$thread; 20alter database enable thread 2 ; 21 22 23--undo 24create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '+DATA' SIZE 50m; 25alter system set undo_tablespace='undotbs1' scope=spfile sid='lhrrac21'; 26alter system set undo_tablespace='undotbs2' scope=spfile sid='lhrrac22'; 27show spparameter undo 28 29 30srvctl remove db -d lhrdb -f 31srvctl add database -d lhrdb -o $ORACLE_HOME -p +DATA/lhrrac2/spfilelhrrac2.ora 32srvctl config database -d lhrdb 33srvctl add instance -d lhrdb -i lhrrac21 -n raclhr-11gR2-N1 34srvctl add instance -d lhrdb -i lhrrac22 -n raclhr-11gR2-N2 35srvctl config database -d lhrdb 36srvctl start db -d lhrdb 37 38---重建集群相关的视图 39@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
