一、实验环境
| 服务器 | IP地址 | 软件版本 |
| tomcat | 172.16.88.1 | apache-tomcat-7.0.42 |
| nginx | 172.16.88.4 | nginx-1.4.7 |
nginx安装参考指南：http://584014981.blog.51cto.com/8605371/1403791
tomcat安装参考指南：http://584014981.blog.51cto.com/8605371/1409482
二、nginx反向代理
1、修改nginx配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
proxy_pass http://172.16.88.1:8080/;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}测试：
注：（在tomcat上设置默认虚拟主机为www.gulong.com，
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.gulong.com">）
2、nginx做图片缓存
修改nginx配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
proxy_cache_path /nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=first:10m inactive=24h max_size=1G; //新建缓存路径与相关属性
upstream backend { //建立后端tomcat服务器集群
server 172.16.88.1:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
proxy_pass http://backend; //转发给后端服务器
}
location ~* "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|html|css|js)$" { //缓存图片与静态内容
proxy_pass http://backend;
proxy_cache first;
proxy_cache_valid 200 24h; //200状态缓存24小时
proxy_cache_valid 302 10m; //302状态缓存10分钟
add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;}//在http头部增加一个字段显示是否命令缓存
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}创建缓存目录：
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /nginx/cache [root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart
测试:
大家可以看到我们访问的所有的静态内容都是命中的，X-Cache-Status: HIT，下面们来看一下缓存的目录：
3、实现动静分离
目的：将静态内容缓存在nginx服务器上，让用户请求的静态内容到nginx去取，动态内容到tomcat服务器上去取，
编辑nginx配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
proxy_cache_path /nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=first:10m inactive=24h max_size=1G;
upstream backend {
server 172.16.88.1:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html ;
rewrite ^/ http://172.16.88.1:8080/index.jsp last; //重定向后端jsp页面
}
location ~* "\.(jsp|do)"{ //访问jsp等页面，转向tomcat
proxy_pass http://backend;
}
location ~* "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|html|css|js)$" {
proxy_pass http://backend;
proxy_cache first;
proxy_cache_valid 200 24h;
proxy_cache_valid 302 10m;
add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}测试，游览器输入172.16.88.4
从上图看静态数据从nginx缓存中取得！
jsp页面还是从后端tomcat取得！
到此，nginx的反向代理已经介绍完毕!下次介绍下apache对tomcat做反向代理！
