引言
做为一个web开发者,不与数据库打交道几乎是不可能的!由此可见,掌握SQL语句对于一个web开发人员来说是多么的重要。下面是我在整理电脑时,找到的资料,觉得还不错就拿出来与大家分享。不废话了,好不好你看了就知道。进入主题,本文的主要内容如下:
- I.问题背景
- II.SQL查询54问?
1、问题背景
本文中的SQL语句都是基于下面几张表的,这也是比较经典的用于数据库教学的数据库例子。
(1)/*员工人事表employee */
emp_no |
char(5) |
Not null |
primary key |
员工编号 |
emp_name |
char(10) |
Not null |
员工姓名 |
|
sex |
char(1) |
Not null |
性别 |
|
dept |
char(4) |
Not null |
所属部门 |
|
title |
char(6) |
Not null |
职称 |
|
date_hired |
datetime |
Not null |
到职日 |
|
birthday |
datetime |
Null |
生日 |
|
salary |
int |
Not null |
薪水 |
|
addr |
char(50) |
null |
住址 |
|
Mod_date |
datetime |
Default(getdate()) |
操作者 |
(2)/*客户表customer */
cust_id |
char(5) |
Not null |
primary key |
客户号 |
cust_name |
char(20) |
Not null, |
客户名称 |
|
addr |
char(40) |
Not null, |
客户住址 |
|
tel_no |
char(10) |
Not null, |
客户电话 |
|
zip |
char(6) |
null |
邮政编码 |
(3)/*销售主表sales */
order_no |
int |
Not null |
primary key |
订单编号 |
cust_id |
char(5) |
Not null, |
客户号 |
|
sale_id |
char(5) |
Not null, |
业务员编号 |
|
tot_amt |
numeric(9,2) |
Not null, |
订单金额 |
|
order_date |
datetime |
Not null, |
订货日期 |
|
ship_date |
datetime |
Not null, |
出货日期 |
|
invoice_no |
char(10) |
Not null |
发票号码 |
(4)/*销货明细表sale_item */
order_no |
int |
Not null, |
primary key |
订单编号 |
prod_id |
char(5) |
Not null, |
产品编号 |
|
qty |
int |
Not null |
销售数量 |
|
unit_price |
numeric(7,2) |
Not null |
单价 |
|
order_date |
datetime |
null |
订单日期 |
(5)/*产品名称表product */
prod_id |
char(5) |
Not null |
primary key |
产品编号 |
prod_name |
char(20) |
Not null |
产品名称 |
2、各种查询的SQL语句
问题1、查找员工的编号、姓名、部门和出生日期,如果出生日期为空值,显示日期不详,并按部门排序输出,日期格式为yyyy-mm-dd。
问题2、查找与喻自强在同一个单位的员工姓名、性别、部门和职称
- select emp_no ,emp_name ,dept ,
- isnull(convert(char(10),birthday,120),'日期不详') birthday
- from employee
- order by dept
问题3、按部门进行汇总,统计每个部门的总工资
- select dept,sum(salary)
- from employee
- group by dept
问题4、查找商品名称为14寸显示器商品的销售情况,显示该商品的编号、销售数量、单价和金额
- select a.prod_id,qty,unit_price,unit_price*qty totprice
- from sale_item a,product b
- where a.prod_id=b.prod_id and prod_name='14寸显示器'
问题5、在销售明细表中按产品编号进行汇总,统计每种产品的销售数量和金额
- select prod_id,sum(qty) totqty,sum(qty*unit_price) totprice
- from sale_item
- group by prod_id
问题6、使用convert函数按客户编号统计每个客户1996年的订单总金额
- select cust_id,sum(tot_amt) totprice
- from sales
- where convert(char(4),order_date,120)='1996'
- group by cust_id
问题7、查找有销售记录的客户编号、名称和订单总额
- select a.cust_id,cust_name,sum(tot_amt) totprice
- from customer a,sales b
- where a.cust_id=b.cust_id
- group by a.cust_id,cust_name
问题8、查找在1997年中有销售记录的客户编号、名称和订单总额
- select a.cust_id,cust_name,sum(tot_amt) totprice
- from customer a,sales b
- where a.cust_id=b.cust_id and convert(char(4),order_date,120)='1997'
- group by a.cust_id,cust_name
问题9、查找一次销售最大的销售记录
- select order_no,cust_id,sale_id,tot_amt
- from sales
- where tot_amt=
- (select max(tot_amt)
- from sales)
问题10、查找至少有3次销售的业务员名单和销售日期
- select emp_name,order_date
- from employee a,sales b
- where emp_no=sale_id and a.emp_no in
- (select sale_id
- from sales
- group by sale_id
- having count(*)>=3)
- order by emp_name
问题11、用存在量词查找没有订货记录的客户名称
- select cust_name
- from customer a
- where not exists
- (select *
- from sales b
- where a.cust_id=b.cust_id)
问题12、使用左外连接查找每个客户的客户编号、名称、订货日期、订单金额;订货日期不要显示时间,日期格式为yyyy-mm-dd;按客户编号排序,同一客户再按订单降序排序输出
- select a.cust_id,cust_name,convert(char(10),order_date,120),tot_amt
- from customer a left outer join sales b on a.cust_id=b.cust_id
- order by a.cust_id,tot_amt desc
问题13、查找16M DRAM的销售情况,要求显示相应的销售员的姓名、性别,销售日期、销售数量和金额,其中性别用男、女表示
- select emp_name 姓名, 性别= case a.sex when 'm' then '男'
- when 'f' then '女'
- else '未'
- end,
- 销售日期= isnull(convert(char(10),c.order_date,120),'日期不详'),
- qty 数量, qty*unit_price as 金额
- from employee a, sales b, sale_item c,product d
- where d.prod_name='16M DRAM' and d.pro_id=c.prod_id and
- a.emp_no=b.sale_id and b.order_no=c.order_no
问题14、查找每个人的销售记录,要求显示销售员的编号、姓名、性别、产品名称、数量、单价、金额和销售日期
- select emp_no 编号,emp_name 姓名, 性别= case a.sex when 'm' then '男'
- when 'f' then '女'
- else '未'
- end,
- prod_name 产品名称,销售日期= isnull(convert(char(10),c.order_date,120),'日期不详'),
- qty 数量, qty*unit_price as 金额
- from employee a left outer join sales b on a.emp_no=b.sale_id , sale_item c,product d
- where d.pro_id=c.prod_id and b.order_no=c.order_no
问题15、查找销售金额最大的客户名称和总货款
- select cust_name,d.cust_sum
- from customer a,
- (select cust_id,cust_sum
- from (select cust_id, sum(tot_amt) as cust_sum
- from sales
- group by cust_id ) b
- where b.cust_sum =
- ( select max(cust_sum)
- from (select cust_id, sum(tot_amt) as cust_sum
- from sales
- group by cust_id ) c )
- ) d
- where a.cust_id=d.cust_id
问题16、查找销售总额少于1000元的销售员编号、姓名和销售额
- select emp_no,emp_name,d.sale_sum
- from employee a,
- (select sale_id,sale_sum
- from (select sale_id, sum(tot_amt) as sale_sum
- from sales
- group by sale_id ) b
- where b.sale_sum <1000
- ) d
- where a.emp_no=d.sale_id
问题17、查找至少销售了3种商品的客户编号、客户名称、商品编号、商品名称、数量和金额
- select a.cust_id,cust_name,b.prod_id,prod_name,d.qty,d.qty*d.unit_price
- from customer a, product b, sales c, sale_item d
- where a.cust_id=c.cust_id and d.prod_id=b.prod_id and
- c.order_no=d.order_no and a.cust_id in (
- select cust_id
- from (select cust_id,count(distinct prod_id) prodid
- from (select cust_id,prod_id
- from sales e,sale_item f
- where e.order_no=f.order_no) g
- group by cust_id
- having count(distinct prod_id)>=3) h )
问题18、查找至少与世界技术开发公司销售相同的客户编号、名称和商品编号、商品名称、数量和金额
- select a.cust_id,cust_name,d.prod_id,prod_name,qty,qty*unit_price
- from customer a, product b, sales c, sale_item d
- where a.cust_id=c.cust_id and d.prod_id=b.prod_id and
- c.order_no=d.order_no and not exists
- (select f.*
- from customer x ,sales e, sale_item f
- where cust_name='世界技术开发公司' and x.cust_id=e.cust_id and
- e.order_no=f.order_no and not exists
- ( select g.*
- from sale_item g, sales h
- where g.prod_id = f.prod_id and g.order_no=h.order_no and
- h.cust_id=a.cust_id)
- )
问题19、查找表中所有姓刘的职工的工号,部门,薪水
- select emp_no,emp_name,dept,salary
- from employee
- where emp_name like '刘%'
问题20、查找所有定单金额高于20000的所有客户编号
- select cust_id
- from sales
- where tot_amt>20000
问题21、统计表中员工的薪水在40000-60000之间的人数
- select count(*)as 人数
- from employee
- where salary between 40000 and 60000
问题22、查询表中的同一部门的职工的平均工资,但只查询"住址"是"上海市"的员工
- select avg(salary) avg_sal,dept
- from employee
- where addr like '上海市%'
- group by dept
问题23、将表中住址为"上海市"的员工住址改为"北京市"
- update employee
- set addr like '北京市'
- where addr like '上海市'
问题24、查找业务部或会计部的女员工的基本信息
- select emp_no,emp_name,dept
- from employee
- where sex='F'and dept in ('业务','会计')
问题25、显示每种产品的销售金额总和,并依销售金额由大到小输出
- select prod_id ,sum(qty*unit_price)
- from sale_item
- group by prod_id
- order by sum(qty*unit_price) desc
问题26、选取编号界于‘C0001’和‘C0004’的客户编号、客户名称、客户地址。
- select CUST_ID,cust_name,addr
- from customer
- where cust_id between 'C0001' AND 'C0004'
问题27、计算出一共销售了几种产品
- select count(distinct prod_id) as '共销售产品数'
- from sale_item
问题28、将业务部员工的薪水上调3%
- update employee
- set salary=salary*1.03
- where dept='业务'
问题29、由employee表中查找出薪水最低的员工信息
- select *
- from employee
- where salary=
- (select min(salary )
- from employee )
问题30、使用join查询客户姓名为"客户丙"所购货物的"客户名称","定单金额","定货日期","电话号码"
- select a.cust_id,b.tot_amt,b.order_date,a.tel_no
- from customer a join sales b
- on a.cust_id=b.cust_id and cust_name like '客户丙'
问题31、由sales表中查找出订单金额大于“E0013业务员在1996/10/15这天所接每一张订单的金额”的所有订单
- select *
- from sales
- where tot_amt>all
- (select tot_amt
- from sales
- where sale_id='E0013'and order_date='1996/10/15')
- order by tot_amt
问题32、计算'P0001'产品的平均销售单价
- select avg(unit_price)
- from sale_item
- where prod_id='P0001'
问题33、找出公司女员工所接的定单
- select sale_id,tot_amt
- from sales
- where sale_id in
- (select sale_id from employee
- where sex='F')
问题34、找出同一天进入公司服务的员工
- select a.emp_no,a.emp_name,a.date_hired
- from employee a
- join employee b
- on (a.emp_no!=b.emp_no and a.date_hired=b.date_hired)
- order by a.date_hired
问题35、找出目前业绩超过232000元的员工编号和姓名
- select emp_no,emp_name
- from employee
- where emp_no in
- (select sale_id
- from sales
- group by sale_id
- having sum(tot_amt)<232000)
问题36、查询出employee表中所有女职工的平均工资和住址在"上海市"的所有女职工的平均工资
- select avg(salary)
- from employee
- where sex like 'f'
- union
- select avg(salary)
- from employee
- where sex like 'f' and addr like '上海市%'
问题37、在employee表中查询薪水超过员工平均薪水的员工信息
- Select * from employee where salary>(select avg(salary) from employee)
问题38、找出目前销售业绩超过40000元的业务员编号及销售业绩,并按销售业绩从大到小排序
- Select sale_id ,sum(tot_amt)
- from sales
- group by sale_id
- having sum(tot_amt)>40000
- order by sum(tot_amt) desc
问题39、找出公司男业务员所接且订单金额超过2000元的订单号及订单金额
- Select order_no,tot_amt
- From sales ,employee
- Where sale_id=emp_no and sex='M' and tot_amt>2000
问题40、查询sales表中订单金额最高的订单号及订单金额
- Select order_no,tot_amt from sales where tot_amt=(select max(tot_amt) from sales)
问题41、查询在每张订单中订购金额超过24000元的客户名及其地址
- Select cust_name,addr from customer a,sales b where a.cust_id=b.cust_id and tot_amt>24000
问题42、求出每位客户的总订购金额,显示出客户号及总订购金额,并按总订购金额降序排列
- Select cust_id,sum(tot_amt) from sales
- Group by cust_id
- Order by sum(tot_amt) desc
问题43、求每位客户订购的每种产品的总数量及平均单价,并按客户号,产品号从小到大排列
- Select cust_id,prod_id,sum(qty),sum(qty*unit_price)/sum(qty)
- From sales a, sale_item b
- Where a.order_no=b.order_no
- Group by cust_id,prod_id
- Order by cust_id,prod_id
问题44、查询订购了三种以上产品的订单号
- Select order_no from sale_item
- Group by order_no
- Having count(*)>3
问题45、查询订购的产品至少包含了订单10003中所订购产品的订单
- Select distinct order_no
- From sale_item a
- Where order_no<>'10003'and not exists (
- Select * from sale_item b where order_no ='10003' and not exists
- (select * from sale_item c where c.order_no=a.order_no and c.prod_id=b.prod_id))
问题46、在sales表中查找出订单金额大于“E0013业务员在1996/11/10这天所接每一张订单的金额”的所有订单,并显示承接这些订单的业务员和该订单的金额
- Select sale_id,tot_amt
- from sales
- where tot_amt>all(select tot_amt from sales where sale_id='E0013' and order_date='1996/11/10')
问题47、查询末承接业务的员工的信息
- Select *
- From employee a
- Where not exists
- (select * from sales b where a.emp_no=b.sale_id)
问题48、查询来自上海市的客户的姓名,电话、订单号及订单金额
- Select cust_name,tel_no,order_no,tot_amt
- From customer a ,sales b
- Where a.cust_id=b.cust_id and addr='上海市'
问题49、查询每位业务员各个月的业绩,并按业务员编号、月份降序排序
- Select sale_id,month(order_date), sum(tot_amt)
- from sales
- group by sale_id,month(order_date)
- order by sale_id,month(order_date) desc
问题50、求每种产品的总销售数量及总销售金额,要求显示出产品编号、产品名称,总数量及总金额,并按产品号从小到大排列
- Select a.prod_id,prod_name,sum(qty),sum(qty*unit_price)
- From sale_item a,product b
- Where a.prod_id=b.prod_id
- Group by a.prod_id,prod_name
- Order by a.prod_id
问题51、查询总订购金额超过’C0002’客户的总订购金额的客户号,客户名及其住址
- Select cust_id, cust_name,addr
- From customer
- Where cust_id in (select cust_id from sales
- Group by cust_id
- Having sum(tot_amt)>
- (Select sum(tot_amt) from sales where cust_id='C0002'))
问题52、查询业绩最好的的业务员号、业务员名及其总销售金额
- select emp_no,emp_name,sum(tot_amt)
- from employee a,sales b
- where a.emp_no=b.sale_id
- group by emp_no,emp_name
- having sum(tot_amt)=
- (select max(totamt)
- from (select sale_id,sum(tot_amt) totamt
- from sales
- group by sale_id) c)
问题53、查询每位客户所订购的每种产品的详细清单,要求显示出客户号,客户名,产品号,产品名,数量及单价
- select a.cust_id, cust_name,c.prod_id,prod_name,qty, unit_price
- from customer a,sales b, sale_item c ,product d
- where a.cust_id=b.cust_id and b.order_no=c.order_no and c.prod_id=d.prod_id
问题54、求各部门的平均薪水,要求按平均薪水从小到大排序
- select dept,avg(salary) from employee group by dept order by avg(salary)
希望这些资料,能够对你有所帮助!